The channel immediately downstream of Charles Grimes Bridge in the vicinity of Yarra's Edge Marina has reduced water depth as a result of sediment build up. The gold rush quickly transformed Melbourne into one of the largest Australian cities and opened up Victoria to industrialization. The Yarra River is one of Melbourne's greatest assets. [33] It has had successful campaigns in pushing for great environmental flows and in 2010 the Riverkeeper Ian Penrose was awarded the 2010 Melbourne Award for contribution to the environment. The Yarra River hosts a wide range of geographical features, perhaps the most plentiful of which are billabongs, of which there are over 100, particularly in the floodplains near Yering, Yarra Glen and Coldstream.Being a considerably thin river for almost its entire length, there are very few islands or lakes.In the middle reaches there are a few rapids of easy to moderate difficulty, however . The race often attracted greater than 500 competitors and large numbers of onlookers seeking to experience the spectacle. Delivering the plan is a Victorian Government commitment to protect our treasured Yarra River, Birrarung, and its parklands for future generations. In 2008, dredging began to deepen the mouth of the Yarra to enable large container ships to reach the Port of Melbourne. Sections of the river are occasionally closed for public events such as Moomba, New Year's Eve and Rowing events. [9], Upon European arrival it was given the name 'Yarra Yarra' by John Helder Wedge of the Port Phillip Association in 1835,[10] in the mistaken belief that this was the name for the river in the Boonwurrung language. The first permanent crossing over the river was Princes Bridge, which first opened as a wooden trestle bridge in 1844. The creation of new shipping channels to cope with the growing use of the Yarra by cargo ships was first tabled in the 1870s. Around 2000, the river became a focus of major government projects. During this era it was also commonplace for the winner of the Australian Open to bathe in the Yarra River as a post victory celebration. The approximate location of the site is marked by a cairn on Fourth Hill in the Warrandyte State Park. The current bridge was constructed in 1888. Manna gums can be found along the rivers upper reaches, and are an important food source for koalas. Steavenson River Tributary of Acheron River. Strathfillan Creek Tributary of Carapooee Creek. Then, place the pan underwater and saturate what remains, a process that allows the lighter material to float away. [39], The river is navigable by most boats from its entrance in Hobsons Bay to Dights Falls, a stretch of 22km (14mi), and is subject to tidal variations and submerged objects. Water quality is good in the upper catchment but deteriorates downstream, due to agriculture, urban development and the resulting stormwater pollution. In recent decades, developments such as the Victorian Arts Centre, Southbank, the Exhibition Centre, Federation Square and Docklands have transformed the waterfront. Some of the parks youll see along the way include: The Lower Yarra Revegetation Project planted 18,000 native plants along 14 kilometres of the river to help improve water quality and habitat. The first step is finding the right spot in the river where the gold might collect, such as a crook in the bedrock, idle pools, log jams, inside corners of rivers or spaces between boulders. Parks Victoria respects the deep and continuing connection that Traditional Owners have to these lands and waters, and we recognise their ongoing role in caring for Country. Richard Bourke, the New South Wales Governor, declared the purchase treaty (Batmans Treaty) invalid on August 26, 1835. The Yarra River basin is home to almost 30% of the animal species in Victoria. Following this, the river was widened to protect Melbourne residents from future flooding. It is the most westerly snow fed river in Australia. The Yarra has something for everyone! Abattoirs, smelters and even mortuaries were to use the river as a means of waste disposal in its lower reaches. It has spiritual and cultural significance for Aboriginal communities. This gem is king of our rivers in Northern California. Projects were proposed to connect Flinders Street station with the river and early proposals were for the Melbourne Museum to be situated on the south bank of the river; however the Crown Melbourne and Melbourne Convention & Exhibition Centre were built in its place. After a few minutes, you should be left with black sand hopefully speckled with flakes of gold. It rises at an elevation of 792 meters above sea level and drops to sea level at Port Philip. 5. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com. Flows in the Yarra and its tributaries have been significantly altered by numerous dams and the extraction of water for agriculture. In March 2019, it was reported that the river's environmental health is at risk due to litter, pollution, pets and urban development. Swanson Dock was constructed between 1966 and 1972 equipped for modern container shipping. The Yarra had clear water before European settlement but during the industrial revolution in the 19th century, high levels of land clearing and development caused these microscopic clay particles to enter the water, making it the colour it is today. This also included widening and deepening, and in some cases, vast areas of land were excavated, such as Victoria Dock, in order to give ease of access for cargo and later container ships. This industrialisation also led to a steady deterioration in water quality during the 19th century and into the 20th. It was feared that dredging would disturb heavy metals and other toxic sediments mostly deposited during Melbourne's industrial era. Through the mid-20th century, industry was slowly relocated away from the river and since then the major pollutants have come from storm water runoff, sewerage and lasting effects of previous pollution. This is an important spawning and nursery area for brown trout from the Yarra River. The Main Yarra Trail is one of Melbourne's most iconic routes, following the Birrarung Yarra River from the north eastern suburbs to the city. The section of the Yarra River between Warrandyte and Warburton is a Victoria Heritage River. Before 8000 BC, the Yarra River probably joined course with other present-day Port Phillip Bay tributaries such as the Patterson, Kororoit, Werribee, Little River, and drained directly through a narrow gap (what is now called the Rip) into a bay of the Great Australian Bight on the west side of a prehistoric land bridge called the Bassian Plain (which later became submerged into the Bass Strait). Between 8000 BC and 6000 BC, after the end of the most recent Ice Age, the rising sea level flooded the lower basin forming the shallow Port Phillip Bay, moving the Yarra river mouth over 50km (31mi) inland. By the 1960s there was a growing awareness of the neglect of the Yarra amongst some residents of Melbourne, spawning various community groups and "friends of" organisations to protect the remnants of the river's ecology. [21] Early industry located along the river contributed great amounts of pollution such as dangerous chemicals, grease, oil and heavy metals. . [citation needed]. There is a population of Macquarie perch and some Murray cod. To the Wurundjeri people the river, known as Birrarung, was the life source and an important meeting place. Surround yourself with the majestic views of Melbourne's cityscape views on the renowned Yarra River. Melbourne Water is the lead agency for implementing the Yarra Strategic Plan (Burndap Birrarung Burndap Unmarkoo) 2022-32. Heidelberg formed the home of the Heidelberg School, widely considered the first European painters to accurately capture the Australian landscape and its distinctive features. . 9. @thesurfingprospector6345. In the lower reaches, the river is mostly used for rowing, there are several rowing sheds along the city stretch east of the Princes Bridge and many private schools have rowing clubs with sheds and berths on the river. The Yarra River or historically, the Yarra Yarra River,[3] (Kulin languages: Berrern, Birr-arrung, Bay-ray-rung, Birarang,[5] Birrarung,[6] and Wongete[1]) is a perennial river[3] in south-central Victoria, Australia. Along with Vermont, Maine and New Hampshire in the Northeast, North Carolina and Georgia are popular with miners in the Southeast, while California, Utah, Oregon, Nevada and Idaho are well known out West. [citation needed]. Gold was discovered in the suburb of Warrandyte at Andersons Creek, one of Yarras tributaries, in 1851, marking the beginning of the Victorian gold rush. The facility was situated inside Warrandyte State Park, from where the spillover until June 2015 flowed into the river and downstream towards Melbourne. Of their contact with local Wurunderi people in 1835, John Wedge wrote:[11]. Since its creation it has been the home of hundreds of ancient American Indian tribes. In the rivers upper reaches, fishing is most popular. Sure, it's not really suitable for swimming or drinking, and sometimes it smells funny - but that's what us Melburnians love about it. We celebrate the stories, culture and traditions of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Elders of all communities who also work and live on this land. In February 1972, the CBD was flooded as the natural watercourse of Elizabeth Street became a raging torrent. On this page: Yarra Ranges Shire Council Flood History Healesville Local Flood Guide Lilydale Local Flood Guide Mooroolbark Local Flood Guide Warburton Local Flood Guide Yarra Glen Local Flood Guide Through the 1970s and 1980s, many desirable developments alongside the river began, such as the Victorian Arts Centre, as its lower courses progressively became gentrified. From bushland to wetlands and everything in between, parks provide habitat to an abundance of common and rare bird species. In 1835, Tasmanian farmer John Batman claimed he had bought the river and surrounding land from the Wurundjeri people in exchange for goods. [28], Due to damming and the lack of natural flooding, much of the surrounding vegetation is lacking in the silt and soil deposits that would otherwise be provided by the floods. So where is this picturesque spot? First, Australian explorer John Batman bought approximately 2,400 square kilometers of land surrounding the river from the Wurundjeri people. In the same year, a small settlement that later became Melbourne developed on the rivers lower reaches. Main food source for Indigenous Australians pre-European history: The Yarra River played a pivotal role for the Wurundjeri people, serving as their epicentre for food, meeting and camping. Congratulations Yarra Riverkeeper: Ian Penrose! The Yarra Valley is the region surrounding the Yarra River in Victoria, Australia.The river originates approximately 240 km (150 mi) east of the Melbourne central business district and flows towards it and out into Port Phillip Bay.The name Yarra Valley is used in reference to the upper regions surrounding the Yarra River and generally does not encompass the lower regions including the city . It hosts a wide range of geographic features including; bends, rapids, lakes, islands, floodplains, billabongs, wetlands, etc. Westward view from Batmans Hill painting by Robert Russell based on sketch from 1836 or 1837. By using our site you accept that we use and share cookies and similar technologies with certain approved third parties. The largest and most notable of these parklands include: the Royal Botanic Gardens, Birrarung Marr, Yarra Bend Park, Westerfolds Park, Warrandyte State Park and the Yarra Ranges National Park.[39]. The river that runs upside-down: The Yarra River is often referred to as the upside-down river because of its brown colour. Also referred to as Yarra Yarra, Birrarung and Wongete, the Yarra River is a perennial river that flows in the south-central part of Victoria, Australia and is one of Melbournes major attractions. The river was drained and diverted in various areas throughout the gold rush to aid gold miners. The day's most visible group was Mothers Demand Action, members of which crowded the halls in a sea of red as they advocated lawmakers for gun control measures. The Wurundjeri people named the river Birrarung and used it sustainably until the European arrival. The construction of the Upper Yarra Reservoir in 1957 reduced the river's flow by around 50%. Sign up for notifications from Insider! The Yarra River's journey begins on the southern slopes of the Great Dividing Range and twists through the forested valleys of the Yarra Ranges and its quaint regional towns before concluding its journey on the muddy flats of Port Phillip Bay. For the beginner, it is advisable to dress for wet conditions with many miners wearing hip boots during the summer and waders in the fall. Some well-known placer locations along the river include: McPhaul placer: A gold mine located around 200 feet northeast . The upper river section flows through mountainous and forested areas that have been protected for more than 100 years to ensure the river provides quality drinking water. Today, the Yarra River is an integral part of our lives and each year attracts millions of visitors - who walk, ride, row, fish or camp along its banks. Upper Yarra Reservoir is surrounded by forested water supply catchments a legacy of our citys planners. Yarra Valley. Some industrial companies continue to use the Yarra as a dumping ground. Whilst the water is not particularly clear, its quality is sufficient for edible fish to swim within it. The river can be used by any member of the public provided they abide by the rules of Parks Victoria who administer the river upstream of Bolte Bridge and the Port of Melbourne Corporation who administer the area downstream of Bolte Bridge. Yarra River. Alaska Native and First Nations communities adapted to hold onto another kind of wealth: their culture, land, and way of life. The river is fed by a number of small unnamed creeks and streams in the Yarra Ranges as well as 49 named tributaries, most of which are creeks. Stringer's Creek Tributary of Thompson River. In fact, it's illegal to swim in the Yarra anywhere south of Gipps Street in Abbotsford, in Melbourne's inner-east. Did you know: Originally called Birrarung, meaning a place of mists and shadows, the river only became known as the Yarra in the 1830s after a surveyor misheard local Aboriginal people saying Yarro Yarro: it flows. Yarra Bend Park is the largest area of natural bushland near the heart of Melbourne. Agriculture and industrial development takes place in the middle and lower portions. We pay our respects to Elders past, present and emerging. The project was controversial and strict regulations were enacted. [citation needed], Gold was first discovered in Victoria near the Yarra River in Warrandyte. Widening and dams, like the Upper Yarra Reservoir have helped protect Melbourne from major flooding. The Yarra Riverkeeper Association is the largest of many advocacy groups dedicated to protecting the Yarra River and its environs for current and future generations. Riparian scrub occurs along much of the river. It has abundant brown trout to 275 g, river blackfish to 200 g, roach and short-finned eels. Board one of the river cruises from Southbank to explore the lower reaches of the Yarra, follow the Capital City Trail on foot or bike, canoe or kayak all or part of its 240-kilometre expanse, or set up for a scenic sunset barbecue or picnic on the banks of the river. Federation Square was proposed to connect the spine of Melbourne to the Yarra at Federation Wharf and a neighbouring park, Birrarung Marr was also built along the north bank, creating renewed interest in connecting city workers to the river. [14] European explorers would not enter the river for another 30 years until, in 1835, the area that is now central and northern Melbourne was explored by John Batman, a leading member of the Port Phillip Association, who negotiated a transaction for 600,000 acres (2,400km2) of land from eight Wurundjeri elders. By continuing to use our site you consent to this. From Reefton, the river flows through the temperate forests to Warburton. Each summer the Herring Island Summer Festival takes over the island to celebrate contemporary Australian art. River red gums form a tree canopy with a dense understorey of silver wattles, river bottlebrush, prickly currant bush and tree violet. The Yarra River has two other names the upside down river and Birrarung. 12:04 - I ask him if there are similarities between the waters in Europe and the stuff over here we're gonna be hitting. Access your favorite topics in a personalized feed while you're on the go. The river is used extensively for kayaking at Templestowe, and canoes can often be seen throughout the suburban section. It is approximately 242 kilometres (150mi) in length, with a mean annual flow of 718 gigalitres (2.541010cuft), which is roughly 50% its original flow prior to damming. Devastating flooding was also a regular feature of the original narrow, twisting waterway. Nature being nature, sometimes conditions can change at short notice. There's also a lot of rubbish in the Yarra near the city. The Yarra River once held the world's largest swimming event, the Race to Prince's Bridge. They replied 'Yarro Yarro', meaning 'it flows'. Their discovery sparked one of the most frantic gold rushes in history. The Yarra River is Victoria's 10th longest river, flowing for about 242 kilometers from its source in the Eastern Highlands to its mouth at Hobsons Bay. The river enters Melbourne's suburbs proper at Chirnside Park, but virtually all the river's length is surrounded by parkland, much retaining (or having been replanted with) extensive native vegetation. The current course dates back to 1886 when a canal devised by British engineer Sir John Coode was cut from west of Flinders Street to below its junction with the Maribyrnong. Boating is difficult beyond Hawthorn and impossible past Dights Falls. With two legislative days remaining until Crossover Day, legislators and lobbyists spent all . This major infrastructure project created an island which was known as Coode Island, named after the British consultant engineer engaged to design the works, Sir John Coode. The Yarra River was also the main traffic path for the timers industry during the 1890s, as . The banks of the Yarra River are popular for cycling, running and walking where most paths are sealed and in good condition. High levels of E. coli, some up to 200 times the safe limit in its tributaries, are caused primarily by poorly maintained septic systems.[23]. To the Wurundjeri people the river, known as Birrarung, was the life source and an important meeting place. The river now compares favourably with many metropolitan rivers overseas. The Yarra River is colloquially known as "the upside down river", for its golden hue. Birrarung was the very first name that the indigenous Australians gave it. [17] However, people continued to swim and drink the water until Melbourne's fresh water was sourced from elsewhere. Join in on the rich events calendar from the famous Moomba Festival to regattas and rowing races, the Dragon Boat Festival and an endless array of community events. Herring Island, an artificial island on the Yarra River is a haven for nature and art lovers alike. Upstream of Launching Place the river becomes quite narrow and recreational use is limited. By the following year almost 200 Europeans had settled on the rivers banks, growing to 500,000 people by 1860 once gold was discovered at one of the rivers tributaries in Warrandyte. Visiting a park can be more of a challenge for people with disabilities, however in Victoria there are a wide range of facilities to help people of all abilities enjoy our wonderful parks around the state. [29] The muddy brown colour is caused by the easily eroded clay soils of its catchment area. Its up to all of us to play our part to protect this special natural resource for generations to come.. Early industries grew along the banks of the river, rapidly degrading the water quality. The Yarra River also served as an important irrigation water source for the early European settlers. The first of many crossings of the Yarra River to facilitate transport was built in Princes Bridge. The river's resources were utilised sustainably by the Wurundjeri until European settlement in the early-mid-19th century. The Yarra River is a river in East-Central Victoria, Australia that flows through the city of Melbourne. It is the point which was once known as "Freshwater Place" and once had a set of cascades which prevented both salt water and larger ships from going further upstream. The final section passes through the Port of Melbourne and under the Bolte Bridge and the West Gate Bridge. This project involves replacing steep steps at Gipps Streetin Abbotsford with an elevated, curling walkway, improving how cyclists, people with prams and people with accessibility requirements can continue along the Trail. The lowest section of the Yarra is an estuary, where salt water from Port Phillip Bay travels about 10 kilometres upstream. Most features have been named after translated Wurundjeri phrases or have European, particularly British, origins. The Aboriginal people belonging to the Kulin nation, particularly Wurundjeri and Boonwurrung, were the first people to settle along the Yarra River. The dock was later renamed Victoria Dock. The lower stretch of the river from Docklands to the Melbourne Cricket Ground was part of the final path of the Queen's Baton Relay of the 2006 Commonwealth Games. Most features have been named after translated Woiwurrung phrases or have European, particularly British, origins. The river's source is a series of swamps in the upper reaches of the Yarra Ranges National Park, directly to the west of the Mount Baw Baw plateau, a thickly forested subalpine park, which is entirely closed-off to all except the employees of Melbourne Water. To find a good stream, it's probably worth joining the Gold Prospectors Association of America or searching for a mining club on Facebook in your area. The river was partially dammed at Pound Bend near Normans Reserve at its eastern entrance and near Bob's wetlands at its western exit. The Yarra River, no doubt is the iconic heart of Melbourne as it meanders through the heart of Melbourne City. Many of Melbourne's private schools, located close to the river, train their rowing crews on it. 4. The Yarra River Precinct's famed riverside dining and drinking started with Riverland Bar at Federation Wharf nearly 20 years ago. Fish to swim and drink the water is the lead agency for implementing the Yarra its... 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